Search results

The purpose of this paper is to increase awareness regarding the implementation of a quality management system in the travel agency sector by identifying similarities and differences in the perception of the ISO 9001 certification by travel agencies in China and Hong Kong as well as to provide potential recommendations to Kenya and to other countries developing tourism industries.

The comparative study approach is used to compare perceptions of the ISO 9001 certification by travel agencies in China and Hong Kong.

Travel agencies in Kenya, China, and Hong Kong promote the benefits but address the shortcomings and challenges of implementing the ISO 9001 certification simultaneously. This certification certainly benefited travel agencies in terms of marketing, but sustaining these effects remains a challenge.

The comparative approach, while important, cannot be considered a “scientific” approach at present. The current research compared the findings of two studies; however, these works are limited in that they use different data collection methodologies. Consequently, the results may vary.

More similarities than differences were determined in the terms of costs among travel agencies in China and Hong Kong. Various differences were identified with respect to the perceived benefits from the ISO 9001 certification. This finding can be regarded as both a challenge and an opportunity.

Globalisation is generally defined as the “denationalisation of clusters of political, economic, and social activities” that destabilize the ability of the sovereign State to control activities on its territory, due to the rising need to find solutions for universal problems, like the pollution of the environment, on an international level. Globalisation is a complex, forceful legal and social process that take place within an integrated whole with out regard to geographical boundaries. Globalisation thus differs from international activities, which arise between and among States, and it differs from multinational activities that occur in more than one nation‐State. This does not mean that countries are not involved in the sociolegal dynamics that those transboundary process trigger. In a sense, the movements triggered by global processes promote greater economic interdependence among countries. Globalisation can be traced back to the depression preceding World War II and globalisation at that time included spreading of the capitalist economic system as a means of getting access to extended markets. The first step was to create sufficient export surplus to maintain full employment in the capitalist world and secondly establishing a globalized economy where the planet would be united in peace and wealth. The idea of interdependence among quite separate and distinct countries is a very important part of talks on globalisation and a significant side of today’s global political economy.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the emergence of civil disobedience (CD) movements in Hong Kong in the context of the notion of civil society (CS).

The paper begins by rigorously defining the notion of CD, as well as the concept of CS and tracing its development in Hong Kong over the past several decades. By using a model of CS typology, which combines the variables of state control and a society’s quest for autonomy (SQA), the paper aims to outline the historical development of CD movements in Hong Kong. It also discusses the recent evolution of CS and its relationship with CD movements, particularly focusing on their development since Leung Chun-ying became the Chief Executive in 2012. Finally, by using five cases of CD witnessed in the past several decades, the relationship between the development of CS and the emergence of CD in Hong Kong has been outlined.

Four implications can be concluded: first, CD cannot emerge when the state and society are isolated. Second, the level of SC and the scale of CD are positively related. Third, as an historical trend, the development of SQA is generally in linear progress; SQA starts from a low level (e.g. interest-based and welfare-based aims) and moves upwards to campaign for higher goals of civil and political autonomy. If the lower level of SQA is not satisfied, it can lead to larger scale CD in future. Fourth, the CD movement would be largest in scale when the state-society relationship confrontational and when major cleavages can be found within CS itself.

This paper serves to enrich knowledge in the fields of politics and sociology.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of occupational safety and health (OSH) on the relationship between high performance human resource practices (HPHRP) and organizational performance.

The authors collected data from 227 human resource management professionals in Hong Kong, the People's Republic of China and used exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression for data analysis.

The results supported the construct validity of the preliminary measure of HPHRP with the inclusion of a measure on OSH. The mediating role of perceived safety climate in the relationship of HPHRP and organizational performance was also confirmed.

This research highlights the importance of OSH on HPHRP in Hong Kong organizations. Results explored that HPHRP positively influences organizational performance through the mediator of perceived safety climate.

This paper adds value by improving the understanding of the importance of OSH in human resource management in China. It reveals an important path, HRM managers' perceived safety climate, through which HPHRP is transmitted to organizational performance.

Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some legal aspects concerning MNEs, cyberspace and e‐commerce as the means of expression of the digital economy. The whole effort of the author is focused on the examination of various aspects of MNEs and their impact upon globalisation and vice versa and how and if we are moving towards a global digital economy.

The objective of the study is to investigate whether hospitality leaders feel there is a circular economy (CE) created through corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives and whether these initiatives improve quality of work life (QWL) for employees. A qualitative, case study approach was adopted which included a set of standardized questions as a discussion tool to explore senior hospitality professionals' perceptions of their companies' CSR initiatives and connection between CSR and QWL.

A series of interview questions consisting of seven open-ended questions and four Likert-type scale questions were formulated to explore how the representatives from case study companies implement CSR initiatives in the workplace. The questions were also used to probe the impact of CSR initiatives on QWL for employees and additionally, respondent views on aspects of the CE.

Examines the impact of hospitality and tourism on the environment and also its employee retention challenges. Interviews conducted with three managers reveal awareness of the potential QWL benefits of CSR practices. Findings suggest that successful, on-the-ground practice involves adapting corporate principles for each property.

The article showcases three interviews with senior employees from different properties in different world regions. The aim being to probe, how they approach their CSR strategies and the impact on QoL. While there is much interest in these issues, comparatively little has been published to-date on the relationships between CSR and QoL.